防水卷材的铺设方法有多种，常用的为：满粘法、空铺法、点粘法和条粘法。
There are many kinds of laying methods for waterproof coiled materials, such as full sticky method, empty paving method, point sticking method and strip sticking method.
一般来说，在选用铺设方法时要优先考虑空铺法、点粘法和条粘法。因为屋面受地基变形，结构荷载，温差变形，找平层及防水层收缩变形等因素的影响，若防水层与基层满粘的话，其适应变形的能力差，防水层常被拉裂破坏。解决这一问题的办法无非是提高卷材的延伸率，减少结构变形和改变铺贴工艺，而改变铺贴施工工艺最为简便易行。空铺法、点粘法、条粘法和机械固定法等工艺使防水层与基层尽量脱开，防水层有足够的长度参加应变，对解决防水层被拉裂起到了良好的效果。
Generally speaking, priority should be paid to the laying method, point sticking method and strip sticking method when choosing the paving method. Because the roof deformation of foundation, load, temperature and deformation, influence factors and the leveling layer of waterproof layer shrinkage, if the waterproof layer and the base full of sticky, its ability to adapt to the deformation difference, the waterproof layer is often crack failure. The way to solve this problem is to increase the elongation of the coil, reduce the structural deformation and change the paving process, and change the paving construction technology is the most simple and easy. Empty paving, spot sticking, strip sticking and mechanical fixing make the waterproof layer as far as possible from the base. The waterproof layer has enough length to take part in the strain, and it has a good effect in solving the waterproof layer being torn apart.
但这几种铺贴方法各有自己的优缺点，适合不同形式屋面及在有一定限制性条件下的防水层铺设。
But these methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, suitable for different forms of roofing and in certain restricted conditions waterproof layer laying.
满粘法粘贴防水卷材的最大优点是卷材与基层粘贴牢固。主要适合以下几种情况：
The biggest advantage of full sticking method of waterproof coiled material is that the material is firmly adhered to the base. Mainly for the following situations:
(一)风力强劲的地区：满粘法粘贴避免了卷材被风抓起撕裂的可能。虽然也可以空铺，然后在卷材上面覆盖重物，如铺设小型混凝土板或铺设一道砾石层来解决卷材被风撕裂。但无疑增加了成本(如材料本身以及屋面荷载加大，屋面板增厚等)。
(1) a region with strong wind power: glued with full glue to avoid the possibility that the coil is caught by wind. Although they can be paved, they are covered with weights, such as laying small concrete slabs or laying a gravel layer to solve the tear of the coil. But there is no doubt that the cost is increased (such as material itself and roof load increasing, roof panel thickening and so on).
(二)坡屋面；满粘的卷材与基层结合牢固，避免了卷材的向下滑落。虽然也可以采用机械固定的方法来固定卷材，但因不能全面固定，所以还会遇到上面所提到的卷材被风刮起的缺陷。
(two) the sloping roof; the full sticky coiled material is firmly integrated with the base layer so as to avoid the downward sliding of the coil. Although mechanical fixation can also be used to fix the coil, it can not be fully fixed, so it will also be exposed to the defects of the wind blown by the coil mentioned above.
(三)需要在防水层上频繁地进行其他工种施工作业的情况：如在屋面上设计有彩钢坡屋顶。通常情况下是在彩钢坡屋顶没有安装彩钢板前，铺设防水卷材(因安装彩钢板后，钢结构屋顶内十分黑暗，虽可人工照明，但空间狭小，不利于施工)。在安装彩钢板时，施工作业人员要频繁踩踏卷材，难免要对防水层造成破坏，而满粘的卷材在一定程度上可以承受这种外力的冲击，而不至于移位，接缝撕裂。
(three) the need for frequent construction of other types of work on the waterproofing layer: for example, the roof of color steel slope is designed on the roof. Usually in the color steel slope roof without the installation of color steel plate, laying waterproof roll (because the installation of color steel plate, steel structure roof is very dark, although artificial lighting, but the space is narrow, is not conducive to construction). In the installation of color steel plate, construction workers to frequent stampede coil, will inevitably cause damage to the waterproof layer, while the coil fully adhered to a certain extent, can withstand the impact of external forces, without displacement, joint tear.
如前所述，空铺法和条(点)粘法的优点在于它很好地克服了由于结构变形所产生的应力的破坏，同时也降低了劳动强度，省时省力(粘贴量减少)。而缺点也正是它不适合坡屋面、风力强劲的地区以及防水层铺设后要承受施工作业所产生的外力作用的情况。
As mentioned earlier, the advantages of the air laid method and the strip (point) sticking method are that it overcomes the damage caused by the structural deformation, reduces the labor intensity and saves time and effort (the amount of paste is reduced). And the drawback is that it is not suitable for slope roofing, wind strong areas, as well as waterproof layer after laying the construction work to bear the external force.
实际上，空铺法和条(点)粘法施工中也用到了满粘法——卷材周边800毫米范围内要满粘。在满粘法施工中，同样要用到空铺法。
In fact, the hollow method and strip (point) method of construction is also used in the full sticky method - coil perimeter, 800 mm range should be full of sticky. In the construction of full sticky method, the empty paving method is also used.
卷材屋面防水层要求基层有较好的结构整体性和刚度，由于找平层收缩和温差影响，水泥砂浆找平层应该设置分隔缝，使找平层裂缝集中于分隔缝中，减少找平层大面积开裂的可能。为避免卷材在分隔缝处被撕裂，在采用满粘法铺设卷材时，在分隔缝处卷材要空铺，最好再增加一道干铺的卷材条，将分隔缝盖住，且与基层和上面卷材都不粘贴在一起，否则只是增加了局部卷材层的厚度而已。
The basic requirements of waterproof layer of roofing membrane has better integrity and structural stiffness, due to shrinkage and temperature effects of leveling layer, cement mortar layer should be set to separate seam, the leveling layer cracks concentrated in the separation channel, reduce the leveling layer large cracks may. As the coil joints is torn in separate to avoid, in the laying of the full roll sticking method, in a separate empty shop to sew the best add a sheet, dry coil line, the dividing seam covered with grass and above and the coil are not stuck together, or just increase the local volume of material layer the thickness.
在实际施工中要充分考虑各种铺贴方法的利与弊，取长补短，综合运用，以达到最佳防水效果。
In actual construction, we should take full account of the advantages and disadvantages of various paving methods, learn from each other, and use them comprehensively to achieve the best waterproof effect.